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#top ls


ls - list directory contents

Powiązane:
ls, stat,

SYNOPSIS
ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...


DESCRIPTION



OPTIONS
-a, --all
do not ignore entries starting with .

-A, --almost-all
do not list implied . and ..

--author
with -l, print the author of each file

-b, --escape
print octal escapes for nongraphic characters

--block-size=SIZE
use SIZE-byte blocks

-B, --ignore-backups
do not list implied entries ending with ~

-c
with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information) with -l: show ctime and sort by name otherwise: sort by ctime

-C
list entries by columns

--color[=WHEN]
control whether color is used to distinguish file types. WHEN may be 'never', 'always', or 'auto'

-d, --directory
list directory entries instead of contents, and do not dereference symbolic links

-D, --dired
generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode

-f
do not sort, enable -aU, disable -lst

-F, --classify
append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries

--file-type
likewise, except do not append '*'

--format=WORD
across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C

--full-time
like -l --time-style=full-iso

-g
like -l, but do not list owner

-G, --no-group
like -l, but do not list group

-h, --human-readable
with -l, print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)

--si
likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024

-H, --dereference-command-line
follow symbolic links listed on the command line

--dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir
follow each command line symbolic link that points to a directory

--hide=PATTERN
do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN (overridden by -a or -A)

--indicator-style=WORD
append indicator with style WORD to entry names: none (default), slash (-p), file-type (--file-type), classify (-F)

-i, --inode
with -l, print the index number of each file

-I, --ignore=PATTERN
do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN

-k
like --block-size=1K

-l
use a long listing format

-L, --dereference
when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself

-m
fill width with a comma separated list of entries

-n, --numeric-uid-gid
like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs

-N, --literal
print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control characters specially)

-o
like -l, but do not list group information

-p, --indicator-style=slash
append / indicator to directories

-q, --hide-control-chars
print ? instead of non graphic characters

--show-control-chars
show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is 'ls' and output is a terminal)

-Q, --quote-name
enclose entry names in double quotes

--quoting-style=WORD
use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell,
shell-always, c, escape

-r, --reverse
reverse order while sorting

-R, --recursive
list subdirectories recursively

-s, --size
with -l, print size of each file, in blocks

-S
sort by file size

--sort=WORD
extension -X, none -U, size -S, time -t, version -v, status -c, time -t, atime -u, access -u, use -u

--time=WORD
with -l, show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime or status; use specified time as sort key if --sort=time

--time-style=STYLE
with -l, show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT. FORMAT is interpreted like 'date'; if FORMAT is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files; if STYLE is prefixed with 'posix-', STYLE takes effect only outside the POSIX locale

-t
sort by modification time

-T, --tabsize=COLS
assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8

-u
with -lt: sort by, and show, access time with -l: show access time and sort by name otherwise: sort by access time

-U
do not sort; list entries in directory order. In combination with one_per_line format '-1', it will show files immediately and it has no memory limitations.

-v
sort by version

-w, --width=COLS
assume screen width instead of current value

-x
list entries by lines instead of by columns

-X
sort alphabetically by entry extension

-1
list one file per line


SELinux options:
--lcontext
Display security context. Enable -l. Lines will probably be too wide for most displays.

-Z, --context
Display security context so it fits on most displays. Displays only mode, user, group, security context and file name.

--scontext
Display only security context and file name.

--help
display this help and exit

--version
output version information and exit

SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of fol- lowing: kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

By default, color is not used to distinguish types of files. That is equivalent to using --color=none. Using the --color option without the optional WHEN argument is equivalent to using --color=always. With --color=auto, color codes are output only if standard output is connected to a terminal (tty). The environment variable LS_COLORS can influence the colors, and can be set easily by the dircolors command.

Exit status is 0 if OK, 1 if minor problems, 2 if serious trouble.



EXAMPLES
ls -l

display at first directories, second then files, etc:
ls -l -X

display files with it inodes:
ls -i
ls --inode

gzip /var/log/boot.log-20120916

gzip: /var/log/boot.log-20120916 has 1 other link -- unchanged


find /var -xdev -samefile /var/log/boot.log-20120916

/var/spool/plymouth/boot.log
/var/log/boot.log-20120916


find /var -xdev -inum 40826

/var/spool/plymouth/boot.log
/var/log/boot.log-20120916


find /var -type f -links +1

/var/spool/plymouth/boot.log
/var/log/boot.log-20120916


/bin/ls -li /var/spool/plymouth/boot.log /var/log/boot.log-20120916

40826 -rw-r--r--. 2 root root 5855 Sep 16 13:24 /var/log/boot.log-20120916
40826 -rw-r--r--. 2 root root 5855 Sep 16 13:24 /var/spool/plymouth/boot.log

display files with numeric uid and gid (without replace uid and gid into user and group names):
ls -n
ls --numeric-uid-gid



Zmodyfikowany ostatnio: 2014/07/16 12:18:33 (10 lat temu), textsize: 9,9 kB, htmlsize: 11,7 kB
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