#top Zapytania SQL¶

#top users¶

#top USER CREATE¶

-- SQL Server Syntax
-- Users based on logins in master
CREATE USER user_name 
    [ 
        { FOR | FROM } LOGIN login_name 
    ]
    [ WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA = schema_name ] 
[ ; ]

-- Users that authenticate at the database (SQL Database Update (Preview) can use most options)
CREATE USER 
    {
      windows_principal [ WITH <options_list> [ ,... ] ]
    | user_name WITH PASSWORD = 'password' [ , <options_list> [ ,... ] 
    }
 [ ; ]

-- Users based on Windows principals that connect through Windows group logins
CREATE USER 
    { 
          windows_principal [ { FOR | FROM } LOGIN windows_principal ]
        | user_name { FOR | FROM } LOGIN windows_principal
    }
    [ WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA = schema_name ] 
[ ; ]

-- Users that cannot authenticate 
CREATE USER user_name 
    {
         WITHOUT LOGIN [ WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA = schema_name ]
       | { FOR | FROM } CERTIFICATE cert_name 
       | { FOR | FROM } ASYMMETRIC KEY asym_key_name 
    }
 [ ; ]

<options_list> ::=
      DEFAULT_SCHEMA = schema_name
    | DEFAULT_LANGUAGE = { NONE | lcid | language name | language alias }
    | SID = sid

-- comment

#top USER ALTER¶

-- SQL Server Syntax
ALTER USER userName  
     WITH <set_item> [ ,...n ]
[;]

<set_item> ::= 
      NAME = newUserName 
    | DEFAULT_SCHEMA = { schemaName | NULL }
    | LOGIN = loginName
    | PASSWORD = 'password' [ OLD_PASSWORD = 'oldpassword' ]
    | DEFAULT_LANGUAGE = { NONE | <lcid> | <language name> | <language alias> }

-- comment

#top USER SET PASSWORD¶

ALTER USER userName
     WITH PASSWORD = 'password' [ OLD_PASSWORD = 'oldpassword' ]

ALTER USER userName WITH PASSWORD = 'password'

#top USER DROP¶

DROP USER user_name

-- comment

#top permissions¶

#top GRANT¶

Simplified syntax for GRANT
GRANT { ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
      | permission [ ( column [ ,...n ] ) ] [ ,...n ]
      [ ON [ class :: ] securable ] TO principal [ ,...n ] 
      [ WITH GRANT OPTION ] [ AS principal ]

-- comment

#top REVOKE¶

Simplified syntax for REVOKE
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
      { 
        [ ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ]
        |
                permission [ ( column [ ,...n ] ) ] [ ,...n ]
      }
      [ ON [ class :: ] securable ] 
      { TO | FROM } principal [ ,...n ] 
      [ CASCADE] [ AS principal ]

-- comment

#top SHOW GRANTS¶

comment

-- comment

#top databases¶

#top DATABASE CREATE¶

Create a database
CREATE DATABASE database_name 
[ CONTAINMENT = { NONE | PARTIAL } ]
[ ON 
      [ PRIMARY ] <filespec> [ ,...n ] 
      [ , <filegroup> [ ,...n ] ] 
      [ LOG ON <filespec> [ ,...n ] ] 
] 
[ COLLATE collation_name ]
[ WITH  <option> [,...n ] ]
[;]

<option> ::=
{
      FILESTREAM ( <filestream_option> [,...n ] )
    | DEFAULT_FULLTEXT_LANGUAGE = { lcid | language_name | language_alias }
    | DEFAULT_LANGUAGE = { lcid | language_name | language_alias }
    | NESTED_TRIGGERS = { OFF | ON }
    | TRANSFORM_NOISE_WORDS = { OFF | ON}
    | TWO_DIGIT_YEAR_CUTOFF = <two_digit_year_cutoff> 
    | DB_CHAINING { OFF | ON }
    | TRUSTWORTHY { OFF | ON }
}

<filestream_option> ::=
{
      NON_TRANSACTED_ACCESS = { OFF | READ_ONLY | FULL }
    | DIRECTORY_NAME = 'directory_name' 
}

<filespec> ::= 
{
(
    NAME = logical_file_name ,
    FILENAME = { 'os_file_name' | 'filestream_path' } 
    [ , SIZE = size [ KB | MB | GB | TB ] ] 
    [ , MAXSIZE = { max_size [ KB | MB | GB | TB ] | UNLIMITED } ] 
    [ , FILEGROWTH = growth_increment [ KB | MB | GB | TB | % ] ]
)
}

<filegroup> ::= 
{
FILEGROUP filegroup name [ [ CONTAINS FILESTREAM ] [ DEFAULT ] | CONTAINS MEMORY_OPTIMIZED_DATA ]
    <filespec> [ ,...n ]
}

<service_broker_option> ::=
{
    ENABLE_BROKER
  | NEW_BROKER
  | ERROR_BROKER_CONVERSATIONS
}

-- comment

#top DATABASE ALTER¶

-- SQL Server Syntax
ALTER DATABASE { database_name  | CURRENT }
{
    MODIFY NAME = new_database_name 
  | COLLATE collation_name
  | <file_and_filegroup_options>
  | <set_database_options>
}
[;]

<file_and_filegroup_options >::=
  <add_or_modify_files>::=
  <filespec>::= 
  <add_or_modify_filegroups>::=
  <filegroup_updatability_option>::= 

<set_database_options>::=
  <optionspec>::= 
  <auto_option> ::= 
  <change_tracking_option> ::=
  <cursor_option> ::= 
  <database_mirroring_option> ::= 
  <date_correlation_optimization_option> ::=
  <db_encryption_option> ::=
  <db_state_option> ::=
  <db_update_option> ::=
  <db_user_access_option> ::= 
  <delayed_durability_option> ::=  <external_access_option> ::=
  <FILESTREAM_options> ::=
  <HADR_options> ::=  
  <parameterization_option> ::=
  <recovery_option> ::= 
  <service_broker_option> ::=
  <snapshot_option> ::=
  <sql_option> ::= 
  <termination> ::=

-- comment

#top DATABASE DROP¶

-- SQL Server Syntax
DROP DATABASE { database_name | database_snapshot_name } [ ,...n ] [;]

-- comment

#top schemas¶

#top SCHEMA CREATE¶

CREATE SCHEMA schema_name_clause [ <schema_element> [ ...n ] ]

<schema_name_clause> ::=
    {
    schema_name
    | AUTHORIZATION owner_name
    | schema_name AUTHORIZATION owner_name
    }

<schema_element> ::= 
    { 
        table_definition | view_definition | grant_statement | 
        revoke_statement | deny_statement 
    }

-- comment

#top SCHEMA ALTER¶

ALTER SCHEMA schema_name 
   TRANSFER [ <entity_type> :: ] securable_name 
[;]

<entity_type> ::=
    {
    Object | Type | XML Schema Collection
    }

-- comment

#top SCHEMA DROP¶

DROP SCHEMA schema_name

-- comment

#top tablespaces¶

#top TABLESPACE CREATE¶

comment

-- comment

#top TABLESPACE ALTER¶

comment

-- comment

#top TABLESPACE DROP¶

comment

-- comment

#top tables¶

#top TABLE CREATE¶

--Disk-Based CREATE TABLE Syntax
CREATE TABLE 
    [ database_name . [ schema_name ] . | schema_name . ] table_name 
    [ AS FileTable ]
    ( { <column_definition> | <computed_column_definition> 
        | <column_set_definition> | [ <table_constraint> ] 
| [ <table_index> ] [ ,...n ] } )
    [ ON { partition_scheme_name ( partition_column_name ) | filegroup 
        | "default" } ] 
    [ { TEXTIMAGE_ON { filegroup | "default" } ] 
    [ FILESTREAM_ON { partition_scheme_name | filegroup 
        | "default" } ]
    [ WITH ( <table_option> [ ,...n ] ) ]
[ ; ]

<column_definition> ::= 
column_name <data_type>
    [ FILESTREAM ]
    [ COLLATE collation_name ] 
    [ SPARSE ]
    [ NULL | NOT NULL ]
    [ 
        [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] DEFAULT constant_expression ] 
      | [ IDENTITY [ ( seed,increment ) ] [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] 
    ]
    [ ROWGUIDCOL ]
    [ <column_constraint> [ ...n ] ] 
    [ <column_index> ]

<data type> ::= 
[ type_schema_name . ] type_name 
    [ ( precision [ , scale ] | max | 
        [ { CONTENT | DOCUMENT } ] xml_schema_collection ) ] 

<column_constraint> ::= 
[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] 
{     { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE } 
        [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ] 
        [ 
            WITH FILLFACTOR = fillfactor  
          | WITH ( < index_option > [ , ...n ] ) 
        ] 
        [ ON { partition_scheme_name ( partition_column_name ) 
            | filegroup | "default" } ]

  | [ FOREIGN KEY ] 
        REFERENCES [ schema_name . ] referenced_table_name [ ( ref_column ) ] 
        [ ON DELETE { NO ACTION | CASCADE | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT } ] 
        [ ON UPDATE { NO ACTION | CASCADE | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT } ] 
        [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] 

  | CHECK [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] ( logical_expression ) 
} 

<column_index> ::= 
 INDEX index_name [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ]
    [ WITH ( <index_option> [ ,... n ] ) ]
    [ ON { partition_scheme_name (column_name ) 
         | filegroup_name
         | default 
         }
    ] 
    [ FILESTREAM_ON { filestream_filegroup_name | partition_scheme_name | "NULL" } ]

<computed_column_definition> ::= 
column_name AS computed_column_expression 
[ PERSISTED [ NOT NULL ] ]
[ 
    [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
    { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE }
        [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ]
        [ 
            WITH FILLFACTOR = fillfactor 
          | WITH ( <index_option> [ , ...n ] )
        ]
        [ ON { partition_scheme_name ( partition_column_name ) 
        | filegroup | "default" } ]

    | [ FOREIGN KEY ] 
        REFERENCES referenced_table_name [ ( ref_column ) ] 
        [ ON DELETE { NO ACTION | CASCADE } ] 
        [ ON UPDATE { NO ACTION } ] 
        [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] 

    | CHECK [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] ( logical_expression ) 
] 

<column_set_definition> ::= 
column_set_name XML COLUMN_SET FOR ALL_SPARSE_COLUMNS

< table_constraint > ::=
[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] 
{ 
    { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE } 
        [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ] 
        (column [ ASC | DESC ] [ ,...n ] ) 
        [ 
            WITH FILLFACTOR = fillfactor 
           |WITH ( <index_option> [ , ...n ] ) 
        ]
        [ ON { partition_scheme_name (partition_column_name)
            | filegroup | "default" } ] 
    | FOREIGN KEY 
        ( column [ ,...n ] ) 
        REFERENCES referenced_table_name [ ( ref_column [ ,...n ] ) ] 
        [ ON DELETE { NO ACTION | CASCADE | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT } ] 
        [ ON UPDATE { NO ACTION | CASCADE | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT } ] 
        [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] 
    | CHECK [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] ( logical_expression ) 

< table_index > ::= 
INDEX index_name [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ] (column [ ASC | DESC ] [ ,... n ] ) 
    
    [ WITH ( <index_option> [ ,... n ] ) ] 
    [ ON { partition_scheme_name (column_name ) 
         | filegroup_name
         | default 
         }
    ] 
    [ FILESTREAM_ON { filestream_filegroup_name | partition_scheme_name | "NULL" } ]

} 
<table_option> ::=
{
    [DATA_COMPRESSION = { NONE | ROW | PAGE }
      [ ON PARTITIONS ( { <partition_number_expression> | <range> } 
      [ , ...n ] ) ]]
    [ FILETABLE_DIRECTORY = <directory_name> ] 
    [ FILETABLE_COLLATE_FILENAME = { <collation_name> | database_default } ]
    [ FILETABLE_PRIMARY_KEY_CONSTRAINT_NAME = <constraint_name> ]
    [ FILETABLE_STREAMID_UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = <constraint_name> ]
    [ FILETABLE_FULLPATH_UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = <constraint_name> ]
}

<index_option> ::=
{ 
    PAD_INDEX = { ON | OFF } 
  | FILLFACTOR = fillfactor 
  | IGNORE_DUP_KEY = { ON | OFF } 
  | STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = { ON | OFF } 
  | ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = { ON | OFF} 
  | ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS ={ ON | OFF} 
  | DATA_COMPRESSION = { NONE | ROW | PAGE }
       [ ON PARTITIONS ( { <partition_number_expression> | <range> } 
       [ , ...n ] ) ]
}
<range> ::= 
<partition_number_expression> TO <partition_number_expression>

#top TABLE CREATE LIKE¶

-- comment

#top TABLE CREATE AS¶

-- comment

#top TABLE CREATE with PRIMARY KEY¶

-- comment

#top TABLE CREATE with auto_increment¶

-- comment

#top TABLE CREATE with UNIQUE KEY (singlecolumn)¶

-- comment

#top TABLE CREATE with UNIQUE KEY (multicolumn)¶

-- comment

#top TABLE CREATE with FULLTEXT KEY¶

-- comment

#top TABLE CREATE with FOREIGN KEY¶

-- comment

#top TABLE CREATE with INDEX¶

-- comment

#top TABLE CREATE with partitioned¶

-- comment

#top TABLE CREATE with COLLATE without UNIQUE¶

-- comment

#top TABLE CREATE with COLLATE with UNIQUE¶

-- comment

#top TABLE ALTER¶

ALTER TABLE [ database_name . [ schema_name ] . | schema_name . ] table_name 
{ 
    ALTER COLUMN column_name 
    { 
        [ type_schema_name. ] type_name 
            [ ( 
                { 
                   precision [ , scale ] 
                 | max 
                 | xml_schema_collection 
                } 
            ) ] 
        [ COLLATE collation_name ] 
        [ NULL | NOT NULL ] [ SPARSE ]
      | {ADD | DROP } 
        { ROWGUIDCOL | PERSISTED | NOT FOR REPLICATION | SPARSE }
    } 
    [ WITH ( ONLINE = ON | OFF ) ]
    | [ WITH { CHECK | NOCHECK } ]

    | ADD 
    { 
        <column_definition>
      | <computed_column_definition>
      | <table_constraint> 
      | <column_set_definition> 
    } [ ,...n ]

    | DROP 
     {
         [ CONSTRAINT ] 
         { 
              constraint_name 
              [ WITH 
               ( <drop_clustered_constraint_option> [ ,...n ] ) 
              ] 
          } [ ,...n ]
          | COLUMN 
          {
              column_name 
          } [ ,...n ]
     } [ ,...n ]
    | [ WITH { CHECK | NOCHECK } ] { CHECK | NOCHECK } CONSTRAINT 
        { ALL | constraint_name [ ,...n ] } 

    | { ENABLE | DISABLE } TRIGGER 
        { ALL | trigger_name [ ,...n ] }

    | { ENABLE | DISABLE } CHANGE_TRACKING 
        [ WITH ( TRACK_COLUMNS_UPDATED = { ON | OFF } ) ]

    | SWITCH [ PARTITION source_partition_number_expression ]
        TO target_table 
        [ PARTITION target_partition_number_expression ]
        [ WITH ( <low_lock_priority_wait> ) ]
    | SET ( FILESTREAM_ON = 
            { partition_scheme_name | filegroup | "default" | "NULL" } 
          )

    | REBUILD 
      [ [PARTITION = ALL]
        [ WITH ( <rebuild_option> [ ,...n ] ) ] 
      | [ PARTITION = partition_number 
           [ WITH ( <single_partition_rebuild_option> [ ,...n ] ) ]
        ]
      ]

    | <table_option>

    | <filetable_option>

}
[ ; ]

#top TABLE ALTER with PRIMARY KEY¶

-- comment

#top TABLE ALTER with auto increment¶

-- comment

#top TABLE ALTER with UNIQUE KEY (singlecolumn)¶

-- comment

#top TABLE ALTER with UNIQUE KEY (multicolumn)¶

-- comment

#top TABLE ALTER with FULLTEXT KEY¶

-- comment

#top TABLE ALTER with FOREIGN KEY¶

-- comment

#top TABLE ALTER with INDEX¶

-- comment

#top TABLE ALTER with partitioned¶

-- comment

#top TABLE ALTER with COLLATE without UNIQUE¶

-- comment

#top TABLE ALTER with COLLATE with UNIQUE¶

-- comment

#top TABLE RENAME¶

USE AdventureWorks2012; 
GO
EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory', 'SalesTerr';

-- comment

#top TABLE TRUNCATE¶

TRUNCATE TABLE 
    [ { database_name .[ schema_name ] . | schema_name . } ]
    table_name
    [ WITH ( PARTITIONS ( { <partition_number_expression> | <range> } 
    [ , ...n ] ) ) ]
[ ; ]

<range> ::=
<partition_number_expression> TO <partition_number_expression>

-- comment

#top TABLE DROP¶

DROP TABLE [ database_name . [ schema_name ] . | schema_name . ]
table_name [ ,...n ]
 [ ; ]

-- comment

#top sequences¶

#top SEQUENCE CREATE¶

CREATE SEQUENCE [schema_name . ] sequence_name
    [ AS [ built_in_integer_type | user-defined_integer_type ] ]
    [ START WITH <constant> ]
    [ INCREMENT BY <constant> ]
    [ { MINVALUE [ <constant> ] } | { NOMINVALUE } ]
    [ { MAXVALUE [ <constant> ] } | { NOMAXVALUE } ]
    [ CYCLE | { NOCYCLE } ]
    [ { CACHE [ <constant> ] } | { NO CACHE } ]
    [ ; ]

-- comment

#top SEQUENCE ALTER¶

ALTER SEQUENCE [schema_name. ] sequence_name
    [ RESTART [ WITH <constant> ] ]
    [ INCREMENT BY <constant> ]
    [ { MINVALUE <constant> } | { NO MINVALUE } ]
    [ { MAXVALUE <constant> } | { NO MAXVALUE } ]
    [ CYCLE | { NO CYCLE } ]
    [ { CACHE [ <constant> ] } | { NO CACHE } ]
    [ ; ]

-- comment

#top SEQUENCE DROP¶

DROP SEQUENCE { [ database_name . [ schema_name ] . | schema_name. ]    sequence_name } [ ,...n ]
 [ ; ]

-- comment

#top indexes¶

#top INDEX CREATE¶

-- SQL Server Syntax (All options except filegroup and filestream apply to SQL Database Update.)

CREATE [ UNIQUE ] [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ] INDEX index_name 
    ON <object> ( column [ ASC | DESC ] [ ,...n ] ) 
    [ INCLUDE ( column_name [ ,...n ] ) ]
    [ WHERE <filter_predicate> ]
    [ WITH ( <relational_index_option> [ ,...n ] ) ]
    [ ON { partition_scheme_name ( column_name ) 
         | filegroup_name 
         | default 
         }
    ]
    [ FILESTREAM_ON { filestream_filegroup_name | partition_scheme_name | "NULL" } ]

[ ; ]

<object> ::=
{
    [ database_name. [ schema_name ] . | schema_name. ] 
    table_or_view_name
}

<relational_index_option> ::=
{
    PAD_INDEX = { ON | OFF }
  | FILLFACTOR = fillfactor
  | SORT_IN_TEMPDB = { ON | OFF }
  | IGNORE_DUP_KEY = { ON | OFF }
  | STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = { ON | OFF }
  | STATISTICS_INCREMENTAL = { ON | OFF }
  | DROP_EXISTING = { ON | OFF }
  | ONLINE = { ON | OFF }
  | ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = { ON | OFF }
  | ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = { ON | OFF }
  | MAXDOP = max_degree_of_parallelism
  | DATA_COMPRESSION = { NONE | ROW | PAGE} 
     [ ON PARTITIONS ( { <partition_number_expression> | <range> } 
     [ , ...n ] ) ]
}

<filter_predicate> ::= 
    <conjunct> [ AND <conjunct> ]

<conjunct> ::=
    <disjunct> | <comparison>

<disjunct> ::= 
        column_name IN (constant ,...n)

<comparison> ::= 
        column_name <comparison_op> constant 

<comparison_op> ::=
    { IS | IS NOT | = | <> | != | > | >= | !> | < | <= | !< }

<range> ::= 
<partition_number_expression> TO <partition_number_expression>


Backward Compatible Relational Index 
Important   The backward compatible relational index syntax structure will be removed in a future version of SQL Server. Avoid using this syntax structure in new development work, and plan to modify applications that currently use the feature. Use the syntax structure specified in <relational_index_option> instead.

CREATE [ UNIQUE ] [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ] INDEX index_name 
    ON <object> ( column_name [ ASC | DESC ] [ ,...n ] ) 
    [ WITH <backward_compatible_index_option> [ ,...n ] ]
    [ ON { filegroup_name | "default" } ]

<object> ::=
{
    [ database_name. [ owner_name ] . | owner_name. ] 
    table_or_view_name
}

<backward_compatible_index_option> ::=
{ 
    PAD_INDEX
  | FILLFACTOR = fillfactor
  | SORT_IN_TEMPDB
  | IGNORE_DUP_KEY
  | STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE 
  | DROP_EXISTING 
}

-- comment

#top INDEX ALTER¶

-- SQL Server Syntax (All options except filegroup and filestream apply to Azure SQL Database Code-named Sterling Preview.)

ALTER INDEX { index_name | ALL }
    ON <object>
    { REBUILD
        [ PARTITION = ALL ]
        [ WITH ( <rebuild_index_option> [ ,...n ] ) ] 
        | [ PARTITION = partition_number 
              [ WITH ( <single_partition_rebuild_index_option> ) [ ,...n ] ]
          ]  
    | DISABLE
    | REORGANIZE 
        [ PARTITION = partition_number ]
        [ WITH ( LOB_COMPACTION = { ON | OFF } ) ]
    | SET ( <set_index_option> [ ,...n ] ) 
    }
[ ; ]

<object> ::=
{
    [ database_name. [ schema_name ] . | schema_name. ]
    table_or_view_name
}

<rebuild_index_option > ::=
{
    PAD_INDEX = { ON | OFF }
  | FILLFACTOR = fillfactor 
  | SORT_IN_TEMPDB = { ON | OFF }
  | IGNORE_DUP_KEY = { ON | OFF }
  | STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = { ON | OFF }
  | STATISTICS_INCREMENTAL = { ON | OFF }
  | ONLINE = { ON [ ( <low_priority_lock_wait> ) ] | OFF } 
  | ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = { ON | OFF }
  | ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = { ON | OFF }
  | MAXDOP = max_degree_of_parallelism
  | DATA_COMPRESSION = { NONE | ROW | PAGE | COLUMNSTORE | COLUMNSTORE_ARCHIVE } 
     [ ON PARTITIONS ( { <partition_number_expression> | <range> } 
     [ , ...n ] ) ]
}
<range> ::= 
<partition_number_expression> TO <partition_number_expression>

<single_partition_rebuild_index_option> ::=
{
    SORT_IN_TEMPDB = { ON | OFF }
  | MAXDOP = max_degree_of_parallelism
  | DATA_COMPRESSION = { NONE | ROW | PAGE | COLUMNSTORE | COLUMNSTORE_ARCHIVE} }
  | ONLINE = { ON [ ( <low_priority_lock_wait> ) ] | OFF }
}

<set_index_option>::=
{
    ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = { ON | OFF }
  | ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = { ON | OFF }
  | IGNORE_DUP_KEY = { ON | OFF }
  | STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = { ON | OFF }
}

<low_priority_lock_wait>::=
{
    WAIT_AT_LOW_PRIORITY ( MAX_DURATION = <time> [ MINUTES ] , 
                           ABORT_AFTER_WAIT = { NONE | SELF | BLOCKERS } )
}

-- comment

#top INDEX DROP¶

-- SQL Server Syntax (All options except filegroup and filestream apply to Azure SQL Database Code-named Sterling Preview.)

DROP INDEX
{ <drop_relational_or_xml_or_spatial_index> [ ,...n ] 
| <drop_backward_compatible_index> [ ,...n ]
}

<drop_relational_or_xml_or_spatial_index> ::=
    index_name ON <object> 
    [ WITH ( <drop_clustered_index_option> [ ,...n ] ) ]

<drop_backward_compatible_index> ::=
    [ owner_name. ] table_or_view_name.index_name 

<object> ::=
{
    [ database_name. [ schema_name ] . | schema_name. ] 
    table_or_view_name
}

<drop_clustered_index_option> ::=
{
    MAXDOP = max_degree_of_parallelism
  | ONLINE = { ON | OFF }
  | MOVE TO { partition_scheme_name ( column_name ) 
            | filegroup_name
            | "default" 
            }
  [ FILESTREAM_ON { partition_scheme_name 
            | filestream_filegroup_name 
            | "default" } ]
}

-- comment

#top functions¶

#top Functions and Operators¶

-- comment

#top DATA Manipulations¶

#top SELECT with LIMIT and OFFSET¶

comment

-- comment

-- comment

comment

-- comment

comment

#top WHERE IN subselect with multiple columns¶

#top Deleting duplicates rows¶

#top REPLACE INTO¶

if not exists (select 1 from employees where employee_id = 1)
      insert into employees (employee_id,last_name,first_name) values ( 1,'smith', 'bob' )
else
      update employees set last_name='smith' , first_name='bob' where employee_id = 1

#top GROUP with CONCAT¶

-- comment